TOURISM
EXPLORING PAKISTAN

Situated on the crossroads of South Asia, the Middle East and Central Asia, Pakistan is a beautiful
country with a unique history and cultural heritage. Pakistan was the site for one of the world's earliest
human settlements: the great prehistoric Indus Valley Civilization, the crucible of ancient empires,
religions and cultures. The land of Pakistan ranges from lofty mountains in the north, the Karakoram
and the Himalayas, through dissected plateaus to the rich alluvial plains of the Punjab. Then follows
the desolate barrenness of Baluchistan and the hot, dry deserts of Sindh blending into miles and miles
of golden beaches of Makran coast.

Pakistan A Tourist Paradise

Pakistan痴 main attractions include adventure tourism in the Northern Areas, cultural and
archaeological tourism as found in Taxila, Moenjodaro, Harrappa, and early Muslim and Mughal
heritage at Multan, Lahore, Thatta, Peshawar and Swat

Provinces of Pakistan

Pakistan has four Provinces and they are :
1) Punjab
2) Sindh
3) NWFP
4) Balochistan

Islamabad the capital of Pakistan is a Federal Capital Area

Punjab

Punjab, its name meaning 'Land of Five Rivers', is the richest, most fertile and most heavily populated
province of Pakistan. (The five rivers referred to the Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Sutlej and Beas)

The best time to visit northern Punjab is in the spring, from February to April, and in the autumn, from
September to November. Southern Punjab is extremely hot in summer, so Multan is at its best in
winter, from November to February

Lahore

Situated on the east bank of the Ravi River, Lahore is a very old city. Legend traces its origin to Loh,
the son of Rama Chandra, the hero of the Ramayana, but history records that it began as a
dependency of the 8th century AD Hindu ruler, Lalitiditya. In the early 11th century it came under
Muslim rule and evolved as a centre of Islamic culture and learning as well as trade and commerce. In
the 13th century it was depopulated and razed to the ground by the Tartar-Mongol hordes of Genghis
Khan. Lahore was a cultural and intellectual centre during both the Mughal and British eras, but it is
the diversity and contrast of the different sections of the city which make Lahore interesting.

Badshahi Mosque

The Imperial or the Badshahi Mosque is across the courtyard from Alamgiri Gate of the Lahore Fort.
The Mosque, which is made up entirely of red sand-stone, was built by Emperor Aurangzeb, the last of
the great Mughals, in a record time of two and-a-half years.

Minar-e-Pakistan

Minar-e-Pakistan is a new landmark in Lahore and stands in the Iqbal Park to commemorate the date
when a resolution was passed there in 1940 demanding the creation of separate homeland for the
Muslims of South Asian sub-continent. The Minar is a blend of Mughal and modern architecture. The
Minar is about 60 meters tall.

Shalimar Gardens

Three miles east of Lahore are the famous Shalimar Gardens laid out by the Mughal Emperor Shah
Jehan in 1642 AD. The Gardens are spread out in typical Mughal style and are surrounded by high
walls with watch-towers at the four corners. Originally, the gardens were spread over seven ascending
terraces, but only three remain now which cover an area of about 42 acres. The brick-work of the floors
of the three terraces have been repaired according to their original designs which differ on all three
terraces. There is a marble pavilion underneath with water flows and cascades down over a carved,
marble slab creating a waterfall effect. Across the waterfall is a marble throne. At the end of the
second terrace is a beautiful structure called Sawan Bhadon, a sunken tank niches on its three sides.
Water cascades down from it in sheets in front of the niches, producing the sound of falling rain.

Shrines/Mausoleums

Shrine of Data Sahib

Allama Iqbal's Tomb

Mausoleum of Emperor Jehangir

Noor Jehan's Tomb

Museums

Lahore Museum

Bahawalpur

Bahawalpur is 889 km from Karachi. The founder of the state of Bahawalpur was Nawab Bahawal
Khan Abbasi I. The Abbasi family ruled over the State for more than 200 years (1748 to 1954).

Noor Mehal is one of the three palaces that attracts tourists. Bahawalpur is also known for its distinctly
embroidered slippers and shoes and the filigree pottery. It has a marble mosque in the Fawara Chowk
and a few British buildings like the Science College. Bahawalpur has a modest museum with a fine
collection of coins, medals, postage stamps of former State of Bahawalpur, manuscripts, documents,
inscriptions, wood carvings, camel skin paintings, historical models and stone carvings. All the pieces
date back to the Islamic and the pre-Islamic period.

Uch Sharif

Uch Sharif, 75 km from Bahawalpur, is a very old town. It is believed that it was founded in 500 BC.
Some historians believe that Uch was there even before the advent of Bikramajit when Jains and
Buddhist ruled over the sub-continent. At the time of the invasion by Alexander the Great, Uch was
under Hindu rule.
Uch Sharif has been described as a flourishing and beautiful town perched upon the plateau near the
confluence of the Chenab and Ravi rivers. The famous shrines existing at Uch include those of Hazrat
Bahawal Haleem, Hazrat Jalaluddin Surkh Bukhari, Makhdoom Jahanian Jahangasht, Shaikh
Saifuddin Ghazrooni and Bibi Jawanadi. The shrine of Bibi Jawandi is a central Asian design, titled in
the blue faience.

Uch is a small town today and divided into three different parts known as (i) Uch Bukhari, after Hazrat
Syed Jalaluddin Bukhari Surkhposh, (ii) Uch Jilani, after the name of Hazrat Shaikh Mohammad Ghaus
Qadri Jilani (Bandagi), who came from Halab in 887 AH, (iii) Uch Mughlan after the Mughal rulers

Multan

About 966 km from Karachi, and more or less right in the centre of the country, lies the ancient city of
Multan. Multan, the 'City of Pirs and Shrines,' is a prosperous city of bazaars, mosques, shrines and
superbly designed tombs. It is also a city of dust, summer heat and beggars. It has a long history.
Alexander the Great added it to his list of Indus conquests. In 641 AD Xuang Tzang found it 'agreeable
and prosperous' - Mohammad Bin Qasim was the next to conqueror Multan in 712 AD. Mahmud of
Ghazni invaded in 1006, Timurlane in 1398. In the 16th century it was the Moghuls turn, followed by the
Sikhs in 1752 and the British in 1849. The old city has narrow colorful bazaars full of local handicrafts
and narrow winding lanes. There are many places of historical, cultural and recreational interest in the
city.

Shrines

Harappa

This was the first of the Indus Valley Civilization sites to be discovered, but in size and condition it is
inferior to Moenjodaro. Located 186 km south-west of Lahore, Harappa is reached via Sahiwal,
formerly known as Montgomery. Situated beside an earlier course of the Ravi River, Harappa was
discovered in 1920-21, but through the ages the site was quarried for bricks and most of the buildings
excavated so far are in poor condition.

The cemeteries discovered at Harappa confirm that the Indus Valley people buried their dead, many of
them wearing finger rings, necklaces of steatite beads, anklets of paste bead, earnings and shell
bangles. Copper mirrors, antimony rods, sheer spoons and vessels and urns of various shapes and size
lay in the graves. Some of the female skeletons had anklets of tiny beads and girdles studded with
some-precious stones.
Excavations have recalled evidence of some pre-Harappa material which shows strong affinity with the
Kot Diji finds.

On display at the Museum are excavated materials, including terracotta toys, gamesman, jewelry,
animal figurines and bronze utensils statuettes

SINDH

Karachi

Karachi, the largest and the most populous city of Pakistan, presents an interesting and colorful
combination of the old and new. The narrow twisting lanes and alleys of the old city throb with life
alongside the wide roads and elegant modern buildings. Within the city, talented artisans with age-old
skills produce handicrafts of exquisite beauty.

Karachi offers a variety of pleasant attractions: wide sunny beaches, deep-sea fishing, yachting, golf
and horse racing all-year round. Its restaurants provide a wide choice of Pakistani and Western
cuisine. Its markets and bazaar offer endless variety of exciting shopping including indigenous
handicrafts, rugs and carpets of rare design and beauty.

Hyderabad

Hyderabad, 164 km north of Karachi the second largest city in Sindh and one of the largest in Pakistan

Kirthar National Park

A four hour drive north-east from Karachi, of the Super Highway takes the visitor deep into the heart of
Kirthar National Park, a space that measures over 3,000 square kilometers in the Kirthar hills and is a
good destination for a three day trip. October to February is the most comfortable...that is, coolest...
time to go but the flowers bloom during the (relatively) wet monsoon in August.

Moenjodaro

At Moenjodaro (Mound of dead) in the west bank of the Indus in Sindh one can see the remains of one
of the earliest and most developed urban civilizations of the ancient world. Discovered in 1922,
Moenjodaro was once metropolis of great importance, forming part of the Indus Valley Civilization.
Now one can find the 4,000 years old brick ruins.

The Indus Valley Civilization flourished from 3,000 to 1,500 BC, making it contemporary with the
ancient civilization of Egypt and Mesopotamia. At its height it comprised at least 400 cities and towns
along the Indus and its tributaries, covering most of the present-day Pakistan and stretching north-west
as far as modern Kabul and east as far as modern Delhi. The water ways were the main highways
connecting the empire. Flat bottomed barges almost identical to those still use today plied the rivers
from city to city. Few of the cities have been excavated

Sukkur

North of Larkana the landscape becomes luxuriant. In Sukkur the railway line and the highway split
up, with a road and rail tracks leading north-west to Quetta via Sibi and Jacobabad, while another
highway and railway line go via Rahimyar Khan and Sadiqabad straight to Multan. Sukkur is a
sprawling town with beautiful mosques, gardens, and shrines. As a desert oasis town, it boasts many
havelis which are decorated with geometric, floral designs and painted in a variety of bright,
contrasting colors.

North Western Frontier Province (NWFP)

runs for over 1,100 kilometres (680 miles) along the border with Afghanistan. Peshawar is its capital and
the Vale of Peshawar, fertile and well watered by the Kabul and Swat rivers, is its heart. This was also
the heart of the ancient kingdom of Gandhara and is rich in archaeological remains. The northern half
of the province consists of five river valleys running roughly parallel, north to south: Chitral, Dir, Swat,
Indus and Kaghan. These valleys are on the northern edge of the monsoon belt. They are fairly green
and partly wooded in their southern sections.

Peshawar

Peshawar, the capital city of North-West Frontier Province, is a frontier town, the meeting place of the
sub-continent and Central Asia. It is also a place where ancient traditions jostle with those of today,
where the bazaar in the old city has changed little in the past hundred years except to become the
neighbor of a modern university, some modern hotels, several international banks and one of the best
museums in Pakistan

Excursion from Peshawar

Warsak Dam
The gigantic, multi-purpose Warsak Dam is situated 30 kms north-west of Peshawar in the heart of
tribal territory.

The Museum

Situated on the Grand Trunk Road in the cantonment area, the museum houses a rich treasure of art,
sculpture and historical relics, particularly of the Gandhara period (300 BC - 300 AD).

Takht-e-Bhai

Situated atop a 160 meter high hill are the remains of a famous Buddhist monastery at Takht-e-Bhai,
about 80 kms from Peshawar. This site has produced fragmentary sculptures in stone and stucco that
indicate the highly developed sculptural sense of their creators. This site dates back from 2nd-3rd
century AD.

Khyber Pass

The historic Khyber Pass is at a distance of 16 kms west of Peshawar and extends up to the Pak-
Afghanistan border at Torkkam.

The Swat Valley

Swat is the most interesting valley in Pakistan. It is also one of the most beautiful - certainly much
greener and more fertile than the valleys further north because it lies within the monsoon belt. In
Lower Swat, the valley is wide, the fields on either side of the river are full of wheat and Lucerne, and
the villages are prosperous and surrounded by fruit trees. In Upper Swat, the river tumbles through
pine forests hemmed in by snow-capped mountains

Lake Saif-ul-Muluk

10 kms from Naran, this lake is 3200 meters high, providing an awe-inspiring view of Malika Parbat
(Queen of the Mountains) 5,260 meters high. You can go boating on the lake and hear the local legend
about Prince Saif-ul-Muluk who fell in love with fairy

Fishing:

The Kunhar River and the various lakes offer plenty of fishing opportunities. Both the brown and
rainbow trout and the mahasheer can be found in abundance.

BALOCHISTAN

Situated west of the Indus Plains, the largest province in Pakistan with an area about 343,000 square
km. Though it's bigger than the British Isles, it only has a population of about 6.5 million, due mainly to
its daunting arid geography.

Baluchistan is outside the monsoon zone and has, with the exception of the hilly and arid mountainous
regions, a pleasant climate. In winter the temperature falls to as low as - 30ｰ C while in summer it
ranges from 18ｰ to 30ｰ C. The province has been influenced by the civilizations in the Indus, Dir and
Swat Valleys.

Quetta

Quetta, the capital of Baluchistan, is linked by air, rail and road with all the major cities of Pakistan,
particularly Karachi, which has an international airport.

Hinna Lake

A little short of the place where the Urak valley begins and ten kms. from Quetta sits the Hinna Lake.
The greenish- blue water of the lake provides a rich contrast to the sandy brown of the hills in the back
ground.

Ziarat

Pakistan has a number of beautiful valleys, enchanting their spectators with enthralling beauty but
Ziarat is an important and an archaic treasure of Juniper forests.

The summers in the valley are always pleasant, attracting a number of tourists, and the winters
extremely harsh. Juniper forests, which are one of the world oldest, are the main source of lush green
vista of the Ziarat valley. Some of the trees in Junipers forests had been sowed as long as 5000 years
ago, making Ziarat the second biggest Juniper valley in the world.

ISLAMABAD

Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, is located against the backdrop of Margalla Hills at the northern
edge of Potohar Plateau. In contrast to its twin city Rawalpindi, it is lush green, spacious and peaceful.
Islamabad is a city of wide, tree-lined streets, large houses, elegant public buildings and well-
organized bazaars. Traffic jams and crowds are rare, and narrow lanes and slums are few and far
between. Sidewalks are shaded and safe behind rows of flame trees, jacaranda and hibiscus. Roses,
jasmine and bougainvillaea fill the many parks, and scenic view-points show the city to its best
advantage.

Excursions around Islamabad

Rose and Jasmine Garden

This 20,360 sq. meters garden is famous for its roses. It has 250 different varieties of roses as well as a
dozen types of Jasmines. Flower shows are occasionally held here, particularly during spring. Nearby
is a Tourist Camping Site

Shakarparian Hills

Shakarparian hills are situated near Zero Point, at a height of 609 meters. Its terraced garden offers
pleasant and sweeping vistas of Margalla and Murree hills, Rawal Lake and Rawalpindi and Islamabad.

Rawal Lake

This glistening man-made lake covers an area of 8.8 sq. km. The terraced garden and the lake are
ideal for picnics fishing and boating. The highest point in the garden commands a panoramic view of
the lake, Margalla and Murree hills, Rawalpindi and Islamabad

Daman-e-Koh

This low hill over looking Islamabad, known as Daman-e-Koh, offers panoramic view of Islamabad.
Snack bar facilities are available at PTDC's Daman-e-Koh Restaurant. The place is ideal for afternoon
and evening outings with family and friends.

Pakistan Museum of Natural History

The Museum depicts early human history, geology, and wildlife of Pakistan. The exhibits are particular
interest to students and children.

Islamabad Museum

Islamabad museum presents the history of the land where Pakistan is situated today. Pakistan has
been a seat of the world痴 leading civilizations from time immemorial.

Shah Faisal Mosque

This beautiful mosque was designed by a renowned Turkish Architect, Vedat Dalokay and named after
late King Faisal of Saudi Arabia. It is spread over 1,89,705 sq, meters with 88 meters high minarets and
40 meters high main prayer hall. The main prayer hall can accommodate 10,000 persons, while the
covered porticoes and verandahs can take over 24,000 worshipers. The main courtyard has space for 40,
000 people.

Mountaineering in Pakistan

Northern Pakistan has the greatest concentration of the highest peaks in the world. It has 05 peaks over
8,000 metres including the world痴 second highest, K-2 (Chogori, 8611 m), 29 peaks of over 7,500 metres
and 121 of over 7,000 metres. Hundreds of peaks have yet to be climbed. This, is a great challenge for
the mountaineers and mountain climbers the world over.
All peaks/routes for mountaineering have been designated as open zone or restricted zone.

Trekking in Pakistan

Pakistan is a paradise for trekkers. Most of the trekking routes lies in the northern mountains of the
Hindukush, the Karakorams and the Himalayas. For most of the treks, trekking season is between May
to October. The Ministry of Tourism, Government of Pakistan, has defined trekking as walking below
6000 m. It has designated three zones for trekking; open, restricted and closed. Foreigners may trek
anywhere in open zone without a permit or services of a licensed mountain guide.

What to buy

Pakistan is a treasure house of exquisite handicrafts, made by people who grew up weaving, creating
pottery, working with metals wood and stone,decorating and building things small and great. Pottery
here is a living history, a traditional craft that became an art, with its origins going back to 3,000 years
B.C. Today, each region of Pakistan claims its own special jars and jugs, from sturdy terracotta to paper-
thin ceramics. In vivid colours of mustard yellow, deep green, brick red and sky blue. For those keen
on shopping, the prices are still quite reasonable. You will find yourself returning home with hand-
woven carpets, copper and brass items, woodwork, embroidered 適urtas・(shirts) and 適hussas・shoes)
and countless objects d誕rt.

Events and Festivals

Tourist Information Centers